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Rabu, 03 April 2013

Agenda 21 Chapter 13 MANAGING FRAGILE ECOSYSTEMS SUSTAINABLE MOUNTAIN DEVELOPMENT



Berikut disampaikan dokumen Agenda 21/1992 Bab 13 mengenai Tatakelola ekosistem yang ringkih, khususnya di kawasan gunung-gunung. Karena gunung-gunung disadari sebagai sumber yang penting bagi air, energi dan bio-diversitas, maka perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Bagi Indonesia yang mempunyai sangat banyak kawasan gunung-gunung bagian ini adalah sungguh penting. Pada Agenda 21/1992 dibahas dua hal, yaitu penjabaran dan penyebaran pengetahuan mengenai ekosistem gunung, dan pemeliharan dan pengembagangan daerah tangkapan air. 


Agenda 21 – Chapter 13
MANAGING FRAGILE ECOSYSTEMS: SUSTAINABLE MOUNTAIN
DEVELOPMENT

13.1. Mountains are an important source of water, energy and biological diversity. Furthermore, they are a source of such key resources as minerals, forest products and agricultural products and of recreation. As a major ecosystem representing the complex and interrelated ecology of our planet, mountain environments are essential to the survival of the global ecosystem. Mountain ecosystems are, however, rapidly changing. They are susceptible to accelerated soil erosion, landslides and rapid loss of habitat and genetic diversity. On the human side, there is widespread poverty among mountain inhabitants and loss of indigenous knowledge. As a result, most global mountain areas are experiencing environmental degradation. Hence, the proper management of mountain resources and socio-economic development of the people deserves immediate action.

13.2. About 10 per cent of the world's population depends on mountain resources. A much larger percentage draws on other mountain resources, including and especially water. Mountains are a storehouse of biological diversity and endangered species.

13.3. Two programme areas are included in this chapter to further elaborate the problem of fragile ecosystems with regard to all mountains of the world. These are:
a. Generating and strengthening knowledge about the ecology and sustainable development of mountain ecosystems;
b. Promoting integrated watershed development and alternative livelihood opportunities.